Computers are connected via information technology networks to share data, files and other resources. They employ a complex set of rules referred to as communication protocols that transmit information via wireless and physical technologies. These networks are taught in degree programs that teach information technology.

A network topology is the way a network is constructed to connect systems and devices. There are many types of topologies, including mesh, bus, ring and, as well as fully connected (or completed) the star, the hierarchical and tree. These types of structures have different advantages in terms of disadvantages, advantages, and costs for the business. A topology can be logical or physical, and may be a private or public one.

In a computer network the central component, which could be a switch or hub connects to other computers that transmit and receive messages. These computers are referred to as nodes and the central part is referred to as a server. This is one of the most popular network configurations, but it comes with a few drawbacks like a single broken cable that could stop communication.

A network server is a computer that stores files and software that are shared by many users on the network. Servers are typically based on a client-server model where most common international data transfer issues clients are the desktop applications of users and the servers process data in real-time. As businesses require more access to their data, the IT staff might be required to design a high availability cluster that can process data in a redundant and robust way so that it can continue to function in the event of a single malfunction.